tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135186772009-05-11T03:20:00.110-07:00UmbromancyJoao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comBlogger92125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-63411214362967727302009-05-11T03:18:00.001-07:002009-05-11T03:20:00.118-07:00[PT] Diário Económico: O preço do sucessoSer gestor é como ser adulto: é um estado que parece só ter benefícios até o atingir. Depois de lá chegar, são mais cardos do que rosas. Os primeiros anos são sempre os mais difíceis. Depois de passar de empregado a chefe, o jovem aspirante a neófito de aprendiz de gestor está ainda suficientemente perto de quem trabalha para saber que muitas dos objectivos e regras impostos por quem lidera são irreais e até perigosos. No entanto têm que os apresentar aos seus colaboradores como se fossem o resultado de um conhecimento profundo da empresa e do mercado e não da aplicação irreflectida de opiniões, palpites e, pior ainda, dos prodigiosos ensinamentos dos gurus da gestão. Os supervisores dos call centers de atendimento ao cliente, por exemplo, têm que explicar aos operadores que faz todo o sentido medir o seu desempenho com base na velocidade com que desligam o telefone ao cliente. <br /><br />Os aspirantes a gestores com talento retórico suficiente para persuadir os seus colaboradores da sabedoria inerente a decisões tão brilhantes que à primeira vista parecem não fazer sentido, obterão eventualmente os resultados que lhes permitem contacto ocasional com a gestão de topo. Cada um destes contactos é uma prova em que, tal qual como no Big Brother, ou se passa para a próxima etapa ou se sai do jogo. Nas empresas de consultoria e nos reality shows este processo é ocorre de forma aberta. Nas outras empresas, os jovens gestores que falham numa destas provas, porque não conseguem beber três copos seguidos ou porque não sabem falar de futebol podem até lá ficar toda a vida, mas há uma altura em que já não fazem parte do jogo. <br /><br />Não se trata apenas de passar a imagem de ser um bom membro do grupo. Há que rir quando os líderes gracejam, há que aplaudir quando contam as suas pequenas vitórias e há que aceitar humilhações quando isso permite subir mais uns degraus na escada para o poder. Conheci durante a minha investigação para o doutroramento um gestor que tinha o hábito de atribuir a origem dos sintomas causados pelos seus problemas de flatulência aos seus subordinados directos. Estes admitiam sempre o crime, envergonhados mas seguros de estarem mais perto dos seus objectivos de carreira. <br /><br />Entregar resultados e resistir ao tédio e à humilhação são os desafios mais acessíveis no caminho para o topo. Os sistemas de informação que são cada vez mais fáceis de usar para criar um sucesso fictício que têm apenas que ser credível até subir o próximo degrau em direcção à liderança da empresa. A Crise (com maiúscula, claro) tem dado muitas oportunidades para desenvolver a tolerância às pequenas tiranias que os líderes se podem dar ao luxo de ter em periodos em que as oportunidades são mais escassas. <br /><br />O que garante a passagem de aspirante a aprendiz de gestor é a capacidade de criar e utilizar laços de influência. Para isso é necessário criar relações de amizade, estabelecer compromissos de silêncio e acumular favores que possam ser usados como moeda de troca. Não basta aparentar sucesso e silenciar frustrações, é preciso saber acumular com paciência cada vez mais poder informal até que a promoção seja inevitável. É um desafio exigente, mas por mais que os aprendizes de líder exprimam a sua intolerância e inabilidade para ‘politiquices’, não há nenhum caminho para o topo que passe apenas pelo mérito.<br /><br />E tudo isto para quê? Para poder estar sentado num gabinete a uma altura superior à do corredor aéreo do Aeroporto de Lisboa a engendrar políticas de gestão como aquela de premiar operadores de serviço ao cliente pela velocidade com que concluem os telefonemas, saboreando as tentativas de bajulação daqueles que não têm nenhum interesse nos líderes como pessoas e que os vêm apenas como um passaporte para a sua carreira da sonho. Pelo menos podemos descarregar tudo neles, até os sintomas ocasionais de flatulência. <br /><br />O sucesso é difícil de alcançar, mas vale a pena!<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-6341121436296772730?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-89019528005336448242009-04-28T00:18:00.000-07:002009-04-28T00:19:02.194-07:00Doolin, 2004: Power and resistance in the implementation of a medical MIS<div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Considerable effort was put into re-costing hospital activities, and the casemix system was</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">used to produce detailed information on particular treatment costs and what those costs</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">represented. Financial reports were produced, which tracked patient utilization of clinical</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">resources as the patient progressed through the hospital. Profit figures were reported for var<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">ious responsibility centres within the hospital and a contribution report was introduced by</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">senior management as a standard way of measuring financial and contractual performance</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">within the organization. The increased visibility offered by the contribution reports enabled</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">management to focus attention on profit or loss-making areas.</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></span></font></span></span></font></span></span></span></font></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">One perspective on the implementation and use of the casemix information system in the</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">hospital studied is to view the system as implicated in the attempted normalization of medical</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">practice through the increased surveillance of doctors and clinical activity. Scrutinizing clinical</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">procedures and explicitly linking patient treatment decisions to standard costs make clinical</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">activity visible and susceptible to intervention by management, who can then influence clinical</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">decisions. A casemix information system provides a view on clinical practice that highlights</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">variances between the performance of individual doctors or clinical specialities. From this per</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">spective, a casemix information system is an attempt to influence doctors' behaviour towards</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">'normal' work practices, through the comparative application of performance information (Chua<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><span style="font: 9.0px Arial"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">&amp; Degeling, 1993): </span></font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">{Doolin, 2004 #1350: 349}</font></span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Control is an unintended outcome of efficiency:</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">In 1996, hospital management began generating clinical casemix information as well</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">as information on costs, volumes and revenues to encourage clinical interest in the</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">casemix system. Clinical casemix information included measures of length of stay, day</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">surgery vs. inpatient surgery, operating theatre time management and off-hours labora<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">tory usage. Management's intention in producing and disseminating the clinical casemix</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">information was to interest doctors in monitoring for themselves the resource conse<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">quences of their treatment decisions. By costing to a clinical level and making that infor</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">mation available, it was hoped that doctors would modify their clinical behaviour towards</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><span style="font: 9.0px Arial"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">efficient practice:</span></font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font><span style="font: 9.0px Arial"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"> </span></font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">{Doolin, 2004 #1350: 350}</font></span></font></span></span></font></span></span></span></font></span></font></span></span></span></font></span></font></span></span></font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">There was also reluctance on the part of many doctors to use a tool provided by manage<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">ment. Many doctors felt that the information would be used to justify management decisions on</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">financial grounds, ignoring clinical issues. Established clinical values relating to patient care</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">meant that the potential for management decisions based on casemix information would be</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 9px/normal Arial; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">perceived as an intrusion on the professional autonomy and clinical freedom of doctors.</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"> </span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">{Doolin, 2004 #1350: 353}</font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">Casemix information was gradually becoming an accepted framework for discussion between&nbsp;doctors and managers within the hospital studied. It tended to structure the debate over&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">resource utilization in such a way that clinical efficiency had to be demonstrated in terms of the&nbsp;concepts and definitions associated with casemix management. This was not necessarily one-sided. Comparative surveillance systems such as the casemix information system studied are&nbsp;not exclusively constraining. Rather, they open up a new and legitimate discursive space for&nbsp;action within which doctors may appropriate and manipulate the information and rhetoric of&nbsp;casemix systems, diverting disciplinary practices to their own ends or using the reality con-&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">structed and made visible by the casemix information system to demand more resources&nbsp;(Bloomfield &amp; Coombs, 1992; Covaleski&nbsp;et al&nbsp;., 1993). <span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">{Doolin, 2004 #1350: 354}</font></span> = People do not change numbers, they use them to make self -serving accounts</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-8901952800533644824?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-57793063568921927522009-04-26T10:49:00.000-07:002009-04-26T10:52:54.634-07:00Carlson et al, 2004: Deception in computer-mediated communication<div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">The truth bias in encounters:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">P. 7: when communicating, we are attempting to make sense of what another has said, and a basic assumption that is made is that the message is comprehensible and truthful (Grice 1989). In many situations, this assumption leads to a truth bias, defined as a predisposition to assume that others' communication is truthful or trustworthy (McCornack and Parks 1986; Levine and McCornack 1992).&nbsp;</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-5779306356892192752?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-19979767819134207902009-04-26T10:03:00.001-07:002009-04-26T10:03:57.664-07:00Brown, J. & Duguid, P. 1994 Borderline issues: Social and material aspects of design<div apple-content-edited="true"><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">P. 12: As a manuscript moves through the publishing house, it accumulates&nbsp;increasingly public signals. Publishing is literally a process of making something public, so private "in-house" resources for local interpretation—the editor's&nbsp;initials on the cover, the author's handwritten comments in the margin, copy&nbsp;editors' marks, and so forth—are stripped away, and public resources are&nbsp;interwoven with the underlying text. These resources used include the cover and&nbsp;cover material: The book is very definitely bound for the public. Other public&nbsp;resources include the type, layout, decoration, illustrations, the color and texture&nbsp;of its paper, and even its bulk. In trying to constrain interpretation with these&nbsp;public resources, publishers are working on the border. They work beyond the&nbsp;book's textual content to provide a portable, public context to orient readers and&nbsp;engage a particular reading.&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">P. 16: A significant contribution to authority comes from what we call the social</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">inertia of objects—the extent to which they demand significant resources to get</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">into circulation and resist changes once there. Social inertia is often directly</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">related to physical inertia. For example, one significant feature in recognizing</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">the authority of a book is its heft. Hefty books are expensive, for publishers as</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">well as buyers. Because publishers invest a great deal, including their reputation,</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">in getting reference books into circulation, they want, at all costs, to avoid</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">having to invest as much again to take them out to correct mistakes. So, the</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">faith of those who rely on a hefty reference book rests less on the word</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">authoritative on the title page than on the weight of the book in their hand.</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Words, in this context, are relatively cheap. The material substrate, by contrast,</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">can be usefully expensive and provide a solid estimate of diligence and</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">credibility.</span></font><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">&nbsp;The very features of a dictionary that provide the physical inertia to</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">stop a truck simultaneously provide commensurate social inertia to stop</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"> </font></span><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">arguments.</span></font><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">P. 30: News is not simply made and then put into papers—and so could just as easily be put into a data base. Rather, news is to a significant degree made in the process of being edited into papers and then circulated across a community so that it is simultaneously available in the same form at breakfast tables, subway kiosks, and street corners—for a ceremony Hegel likened to morning&nbsp;prayers.&nbsp;What on-line, do-it-yourself services offer, then, is not a simple replacement. Rather, they provide a means to separate the genres. News data bases are extensive repositories of reports of contemporary events, but they are inadequate news creators—in part because they lack the</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">immutable mobility and the efficient, stable border resources that have been developed around hard copy.</div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-1997976781913420790?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-28561343670712205962009-04-26T08:12:00.001-07:002009-04-26T08:12:18.141-07:00Ackoff, 1967: Management misinformation systems<div apple-content-edited="true"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div><p style="margin: 8.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Times New Roman">This paper presents <b>5 misconceptions</b> about information systems:</p><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(1) That the critical deficiency upon which managers operate is lack of information</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(2) That the manager needs the information she wants</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(3) That if a manager has the information she wants her decision making will improve</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(4) That better communication between managers improves performance</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(5) A manager does not have to understand how his information system works, only how to use it</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">The truth about each point is the following:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(1) <b>Managers suffer from an overabundance of irrelevant information.</b> MIS needs to focus on eliminating irrelevant information instead of focusing on providing relevant one. The major functions of MIS should be <i>filtering </i>and <i>condensing</i> information.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(2) <b>Managers need the information they want.</b> Managers are unaware of the decisions they need to make and the information necessary to make them. They overload themselves with information.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(3)<b> If managers have the information they want, their decision making will improve.</b> The decisions that managers make are just too complex to benefit from perfect information.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(4) <b>Better communication between managers improves performance. </b>Even in the same organization, managers compete against one another.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(5) <b>A manager does not have to understand how his information system works, only how to use it.</b> If this is so, then managers cannot critically evaluate systems.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">Reading note: The interesting thing about this paper is that is shows that managers are more likely to go for summaries of information, than for detailed information.&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></span></div></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-2856134367071220596?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-2087987813408593532009-04-26T08:05:00.001-07:002009-04-26T08:07:27.647-07:00Notes on Strategy as Practice<div apple-content-edited="true"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; ">Since the landmark contributions by Michael Porter strategy research has largely been based on the microeconomics tradition. As a consequence, research has typically remained on the macrolevel of firms and markets while reducing strategy to a few causally related variables in which there is little evidence of human action. As many researchers have pointed out, strategy research seemed to have lost sight of the human being (Bettis, 1991; Ghoshal and Moran, 1996; Jarzabkowski, 2004; Lowendahl and Revang, 1998; Tsoukas and Knudsen, 2002). In order to understand human agency in the construction and enactment of strategy it is necessary to re-focus research on the actions and interactions of the strategy practitioner in doing strategy.</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "><span style="text-decoration: underline"><b>Definition of SaP</b></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; ">From a strategy-as-practice perspective strategy is conceptualized <b><i>as socially accomplished activity, constructed through the actions, interactions and negotiations of multiple actors and the situated practices that they draw upon </i></b>(Jarzabkowski, 2005:) The problem with such a broad definition is that it encompasses all types of social activity, to the extent that it is difficult to determine that activity which is not strategic. Two main ways have been proposed for dealing with this problem. The first is to focus on those activities that draw on strategic practices. As several authors have pointed out (e.g. Barry and Elmes, 1997; Knights and Morgan 1991; Hendry 2000) strategy is a particular type of activity that is connected with particular practices, such as strategic planning, annual reviews, strategy workshops and their associated discourses. In the same way that science may be defined as those activities that draw on scientific practices (e.g. methods, tools, scientific language) (see Latour and Woolgar), strategy might be defined as those activities that draw on particular strategic practices. Alternatively activity might be considered strategic to the extent that it is consequential for the strategic outcomes, directions, survival and competitive advantage of the firm (Johnson et al, 2003), even where these consequences are not part of an intended and formally articulated strategy. Both of these approaches are consistent with a definition of strategy as a situated, socially-accomplished flow of activity that has consequential outcomes for the direction and/or survival of the firm.<span style="font: 10.0px Times">&nbsp;</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; ">The focus is on explaining who strategists are, what they do and why and how that is influential for the practice of strategy.<span style="font: 10.0px Times">&nbsp;</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; ">The common point of such studies is their concern to explain some aspect of the nexus between practice, practitioners and practices in the construction of strategy as a socially accomplished and consequential activity.<span style="font: 10.0px Times">&nbsp;</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; "><span style="text-decoration: underline"><b>Employees as strategists</b></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Times; min-height: 13px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Times; ">Second, a practice perspective on who strategists are goes beyond truncated views of strategy as a deliberate, top-down process, identifying a much wider group of actors for consideration. This does not mean that top managers should be abandoned, since some valuable empirical work in a practice vein indicates that there is still much to be learnt from studying these actors as participants in strategy making rather than as its formulators (e.g. Jarzabkowski, 2003; 2005; Pye, 1995; Samra-Fredericks, 2003; 2004). However, increasingly strategy as practice studies indicate that middle managers and lower level employees are also important strategic actors. Given that these middle and operational level employees typically lack a formal strategy role, practice research has focused upon the social, interpretative, linguistic and personal knowledge bases through which these actors are able to shape strategy (e.g. Balogun, 2003; Balogun and Johnson, 2004; 2005; Regner, 2003). While their actions and influence on strategy may be unintended at the firm level, they are significant for firm survival and competitive advantage. Hence, it is important to identify these actors as strategists, opening a research agenda that goes beyond top managers to studying other levels of employee as strategic actors. In particular, given their lack of formal strategy authority, it is important to identify what other practices provide such actors with agency in shaping strategy (Mantere, 2005).<span style="font: 10.0px Times"> </span><span style="font: 12.0px Times New Roman">&nbsp;</span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div></div><br></div></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"> </div><br><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-208798781340859353?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-59549400160735883082009-04-26T07:57:00.000-07:002009-04-26T08:01:33.606-07:00Berg and Bowker 1997: The multiple bodies of the medical record: toward a sociology of an artifactInteresting passages that prompted some thoughts about the production of strategic information:<br /><br /><br />It is this rewritten body, subsequently, that is the site of the diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. At this point, it becomes meaningless to debate whether these interventions address the body “itself’ or its representation, since it is in and through this representation that the body “itself’ is known, surveyed, and intervened upon. Peaks in the temperature curve will prompt the administration of a certain antibiotic, whose effect subsequently is also monitored in that graph and in the temporal changes in the laboratory values registering the organ functions that might be affected by this drug. Not only do the record’s preformatted time zones inscribe itself into the patient’s body, but all medical activities are started, followed up, and evaluated within the time zones produced by the record. Most of the relevant historical events in the hospitalized patient’s life become events triggered by orders written in the record-procedures set in motion by specific forms; therapeutic dosages readjusted because of an increase in a certain laboratory variable as gleaned from the record. While the patient’written as well. {Berg, 1997 #1650: 519}<br /><br />The record is of course not the only element active in these rewriting processes. Only as a part of an interlocked series of elements does the record come to life; only when linked to nursing and laboratory routines, tubes, infusion bags and cables, the hospital information system and so forth does a network emerge that as a whole performs these transformations. And <br />the record’s structure does not “determine” the nursing routines in any simple way; these routines and the record‘s current structure have emerged together, mirroring one another and interlocking in historically specific ways (Berg forthcoming). Yet the record is one turning point in the cycle of inscriptions that circulate through these interlinked entities. It is where the inscriptions end up, are matched and rearranged, and where new inscription-yielding activities begin. {Berg, 1997 #1650: 520}<br /><br />In these discussions, the record is often portrayed as a “repository of information” (Dick and Steen 1991), as a vast treasure of facts that only needs to be tapped. In such a view, the building blocks, the “facts,” can only be more or less “adequate” and “complete.” <br /><br />How do these preferred accounts evolve? It would be wrong to assume that medical personnel “lie,” or that there are “cover ups” going on somewhere. Preferred accounts emerge from the record only gradually, through small steps and reconstructions that by themselves are just ordinary moments in the ongoing work. The ordering and polishing of accounts is a natural <br />process, it is a prerequisite for the smooth progression of complex, interactive work processes (Garfinkel 1967). {Berg, 1997 #1650: 525}. [This means that people do not change numbers, they use them to make self -serving accounts]<br /><br />In addition, the record is the very place where a public account of “what has happened” is created. It is when writing into this potential source for retrospective inspection that physicians and nurses construe narratives that align what actually happened with what should have happened, no matter how insignificant these occurrences may seem (Garfinkel 1967, pp. 197-207; Hunter 1991). If a patient has been hospitalized for several days, for example, nurses may omit measuring the blood pressure and just fill in yesterday’s measurement in today’s column (Figure 1). Likewise, residents often ask nurses what to prescribe while they complete the order form in the regular fashion, as if it is they who have told the nurses what to do (cf. Hughes 1988). The same phenomenon occurs in and through the summaries that are continually being produced. In this process, details are omitted, and the story is simplified and retold in ways that fit the situation at hand. This results in an increasing stylization of past events into a standard canon, a sign leading to a diagnosis leading to a therapy leading to an outcome. <br />A sentence like “admitted with Hodgkin, now 8 days post-reinfusion” effectively sets the focus of the current attention. Yet in doing so, it also smoothes over any diagnostic uncertainties that might have played a role, erasing the deliberations that went into the selection of this therapy and Mr. Wood’s fears and anxieties. {Berg, 1997 #1650: 525}<br /><br />Finally, all this adds to the peculiar feature of written text that, once written, tends to have a privileged position vis-A-vis other recollections of these events (see Clanchy 1993 for the historical genesis of this privilege). Wherever it travels (from the audit committee to the insurance inspector’s desk to the courtroom), it becomes the trace to the “original event.” As Dorothy Smith (1974, p.260) aptly summarizes these issues, accounts enter “document time” once they are written: “that crucial point at which much if not every trace of what has gone into the making of that account is obliterated and what remains is only the text which aims at being read as ‘what actually happened.” {Berg, 1997 #1650: 525-526}.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-5954940016073588308?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-26674073032404936562009-04-26T07:54:00.000-07:002009-04-26T07:57:18.213-07:00New postingsHi <br /><br />I am beginning a new type of post on this blog to publish my reading notes and excerpts from articles and books that I am reading. The purpose is always to shed some light on the shadow processes in organizations and information systems. Hope you enjoy them. <br /><br />I do not intend to violate any copyrights with the notes posted here. If you feel I am doing so, you can reach me at jvc at fe.unl.pt<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-2667407303240493656?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-63902187474331251422009-04-20T00:00:00.000-07:002009-04-20T00:03:05.496-07:00[PT] Diário Económico: Os efeitos económicos do kryptonPara os economistas as pessoas são racionais: o seu comportamento é determinado por incentivos. Infelizmente para muitas das empresas, é difícil encontrar colaboradores racionais. Está carência é espantosa tendo em conta que a popularidade dos cursos de gestão tem feito com que a uma fatia apreciável da população activa seja licenciada (ou quase) nesta área. Parece que um dos gases raros da atmosfera contamina a mente humana apagando este princípio de comportamento que, de acordo com os economistas, todos deveríamos seguir. Eu voto no krypton. Sei que é só 0.00033% do ar que respiramos, mas se a Kryptonite faz mal ao Super Homem, um gás com nome parecido deve ter o mesmo efeito no Homem Racional. A minha teoria é que as paredes das faculdades de economia são revestidas por um material que protege quem lá está. Logo que se abandona o seu efeito protector, adeus racionalidade económica. Há uma explicação alternativa: os pressupostos da economia são uma ficção que nada tem a ver com a realidade — mas esta hipótese é obviamente absurda.<br /><br />Contratar colaboradores que ignoram a obrigação de se comportarem como Homens Racionais têm consequências. Quando os empregados que têm contacto directo com os clientes não sabem que devem sentir-se motivados pelas comissões ou outros incentivos que tenham à sua disposição, transformam-se em caixas registadoras humanas. Basta passar umas horas num restaurante, numa loja ou mesmo num concessionário de automóveis para chegar à conclusão que são os clientes que vão comprar refeições, gravatas e carros e que os vendedores apenas registam essas transacções, muitas vezes a contragosto. <br /><br />Eu próprio vivi recentemente uma experiência deste tipo. Até Janeiro passado era dono de um rapidíssimo desportivo inglês côr-de-laranja de uma daquelas marcas que vende no máximo 10 carros por ano no nosso país. Devido ao baixo volume de vendas, os colaboradores do representante desta marca em Portugal ganham uma comissão apreciável na venda de cada automóvel. Em Janeiro, decidi comprar um modelo mais orientado para a competição. Pedi uma estimativa do valor de retoma do meu carro, prometendo fazer uma encomenda se as condições do negócio fossem aceitáveis. Esperei quase um mês pela resposta. Um vendedor de uma empresa concorrente que eu conhecia pessoalmente passou esse tempo a tentar convencer-me a comprar um carro da marca que ele representava. Desiludido pela forma como fui tratado pelo concessionário que me vendeu o primeiro carro, acabei por comprar à concorrência. O primeiro vendedor tinha sofrido os efeitos do krypton: ignorava que o bónus o devia ter motivado para acelerar a minha troca de carro. O segundo vendedor, que deve ser imune aos efeitos destrutivos deste perigoso gás, e teve o comportamento oposto. Quem ficou a ganhar foi a empresa em que ele trabalhava. <br />Nesta época de crise, um episódio como o que vivi é suficiente para causar danos à concorrência. <br /><br />Deste ponto de vista vivemos numa época ímpar de oportunidades para concorrer com base na velha máxima de Sun Tzu, “cem vitórias em cem batalhas não são um sinal de sabedoria, vencer o inimigo sem o defrontar é que é.” O desafio é simples: há apenas que convencer os colaboradores a comportarem-se como os economistas mandam. Ensinar-lhes que devem sentir-se motivados pelos incentivos que podem ganhar. Ou isso, ou então ter a capacidade de liderança para inspirar uma cultura de serviço que dispense os Homens Racionais dos livros e leve os seres humanos de carne e osso a apreciarem a interacção com os clientes como uma oportunidade de auto-realização. Fazê-lo com sucesso é não só atrair negócio, como também negá-lo aos concorrentes. Vencê-los sem os defrontar.<br /><br />Se esta alternativa não funcionar, basta ir a uma faculdade de economia durante a noite e engarrafar o ar que lá se respira. Depois é só administrá-lo em pequenas doses pelo sistema de ar condicionado.<br /><br />-Joao Vieira da Cunha<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-6390218747433125142?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-64008835058533246362009-04-19T23:57:00.000-07:002009-04-20T00:02:49.262-07:00[PT] SOL: Vergonha mortíferaRéné , Gabriele e Christen são nomes de três crianças que brincaram muito, mas estudaram mais e tiveram carreiras de sucesso. Um tinha o seu próprio fundo de investimento, os outros dois ocuparam cargos de direcção na ENI, no HSBC. Depois suicidaram-se. <br /><br />Todos perderam dinheiro dos seus clientes durante a recente crise financeira. Tiveram vergonha e suicidaram-se. Por comparação, em Portugal, há pessoas julgadas e condenadas por corrupção que são nomeadas para cargos públicos. Há outras com falhas de memória que envergonhariam o ex-presidente dos EUA, George W. Bush. Daqueles que acham que é natural guardar as pequenas sobras das campanhas eleitorais na sua conta pessoal, é melhor nem falar. Nos Estados Unidos acontece o mesmo. Um artigo recente na revista Slate, afirma que os gestores americanos têm uma “incapacidade relativa para a vergonha.” <br /><br />Será que os líderes portugueses têm os mesmos defeitos que os americanos apesar partilharem poucas das suas qualidades? Talvez, mas isso não explica a falta de pudor que quem dirige as empresas de ambos os países parece ter. A vergonha não é algo que cada um de nós traz dentro de si, é um sentimento que nos é imposto pelos que nos rodeiam. Uma pessoa vestida de t-shirt e calças de ganga não têm vergonha de andar na rua, mas teria vergonha de ir assim vestida a um jantar de gala ou a uma praia de nudistas. <br /><br />Isto significa que ensinar ética aos gestores pode contribuir para diminuir os crimes de colarinho branco e os pequenos acessos de tirania que são hoje cada vez mais frequentes por causa da mal-amada crise. Mas não vai resolver o problema. É difícil resistir à tentação quando há 3000 munícipes dispostos a encher mais de 50 autocarros para ir a um santuário apoiar presidentes de camâra sobre quem pairam graves suspeitas de corrupção, por melhor que seja o professor de ética lá da Faculdade. O que é preciso é uma comunidade empresarial, política e civil que tenha vergonha de, e imponha vergonha em todos aqueles que traiam a confiança de quem lideram e quem servem a partir da confortável (mas pouco rentável) cadeira do poder. A boa notícia é que não há nada estruturante que impeça esta mudança. A cultura americana e a portuguesa estão em posições diametricamente opostas em todos os indicadores. A necessidade de autoritarismo que é muitas vezes imposta à identidade do nosso país já foi refutada muitas vezes ao longo da história e tem sido demonstrada com especial frequência nos últimos meses naquela que ainda é a Avenida da Liberdade. A má notícia é que, como todas as mudanças sociais de fundo, a transformação de aplausos silenciosos às malandrices dos gestores em apupos bem audíveis a este tipo de comportamentos não pode ser ditada por decreto-lei, tem que começar nas empresas e só pode ser dinamizada por quem as chefia. A economia e o País precisam de líderes que tenham vontade e sejam capazes de tornar até as pequenas fraudes do dia-a-dia numa fonte de vergonha sabendo que se fizerem bem o seu trabalho, serão alvo do mesmo nível de exigência que os seus colaboradores impõem uns sobre os outros. O desafio é formar e recrutar pessoas que estejam dispostas a levar esta mudança a bom termo, sabendo que o comportamento ético raramente é bom para a sua conta bancária, para a sua carreira e até para a demonstração de resultados da sua empresa e a cotação das suas acções na bolsa. Superá-lo é substituir uma vergonha mortífera por um orgulho inspirador.<br /><br />- Joao Vieira da Cunha<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-6400883505853324636?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-59907848512887175062009-04-14T09:27:00.001-07:002009-04-20T00:02:21.442-07:00[PT] Thanks for the nice comment!<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>The blog <a href='http://mentesbrilhantes.wordpress.com/2009/03/25/factor-p/'>Mentes Brilhantes</a> makes a nice comment about a press article I wrote <br/><br/>Sobre este tema li um artigo deliciosamente mordaz e irónico do <a target='_self' href='http://www.linkedin.com/pub/dir/jo%C3%A3o/vieira%20da%20cunha' title='perfil'>João Vieira da Cunha</a> no <a target='_self' href='http://diarioeconomico.com/' title='site'>Diário Económico</a>, que recomendo vivamente: chama-se <strong><a target='_self' href='http://ideiasemserie.net/gestao/files/blogstwitter.php' title='artigo'><em>Blogs e Twitter</em></a></strong> e goza descaradamente com o <strong>provincianismo </strong>de alguns “gestores controleiros” que ainda pululam no nosso tecido empresarial.<br/><br/>:-)<br/><br/><div class='zemanta-pixie'><img src='http://img.zemanta.com/pixy.gif?x-id=e748cf7e-becb-8f55-b131-eeaa7deb7958' class='zemanta-pixie-img'/></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-5990784851288717506?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-36500188194905079122008-12-04T13:30:00.000-08:002008-12-04T13:44:56.120-08:00[PT] Article on schools and IT<object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/b5rs8BqLf3c&hl=en&fs=1"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/b5rs8BqLf3c&hl=en&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /><br />I was invited by <a href="http://intec.com.pt/">INTEC</a> to write an op-ed on the role of technology in Portuguese schools. here it is (in Portuguese):<br /><br />O trabalho de casa do Plano Tecnológico<br /><br />O <a href="http://www.planotecnologico.pt/">Plano Tecnológico</a> parte do pressuposto que a tecnologia tem um efeito directo sobre a sociedade e as pessoas. Para o Governo, o que o País precisa é de um Choque Tecnológico – uma injecção de computadores (<a href="http://www.portatilmagalhaes.com/">bem pequeninos</a>, de preferência) que não pode ter outra consequência do que a modernização e o desenvolvimento. <br />Este pressuposto está errado, profundamente errado. Só sobrevive no livrinhos de aeroporto que falam da Revolução Digital e da Era da Internet. Na prática, dar computadores com internet aos alunos só terá os efeitos que o Governo espera com muita sorte. Sem ela, estas tecnologias terão um impacto trivial na aprendizagem. Com azar, as crianças vão-se distrair a jogar jogos online em vez de fazer os trabalhos de casa.<br />A verdade é que tecnologia não muda nada, a forma como as pessoas usam a tecnologia é que leva ao desenvolvimento e ao progresso. Se o Plano Tecnológico tivesse partido deste pressuposto, dando mais importância às pessoas do que à tecnologia, teria contribuído muito mais para uma ampla modernização do ensino em Portugal. <br />Ainda não é demasiado tarde para mudar de rumo. O desafio é relativamente simples: é só fazer uma <a href="http://www.google.pt/search?hl=pt-PT&rlz=1C1GGLS_en-USPT294PT304&q=technology+use+schools+survey+portugal&btnG=Pesquisar&meta=">pesquisa no Google</a> para descobrir o que é que <a href="http://elearningawards.eun.org/ww/en/pub/elearning_awards_2007/gallery.cfm">professores e alunos já fazem</a> bem e criar as condições para que estes projectos locais de sucesso sirvam como fonte de inspiração e aprendizagem para todos os professores do País. Se algum membro do Governo fizer esta pesquisa terá uma grande surpresa: alguns dos professores e alunos que não foram ainda bafejados com o privilégio de ter um Magalhães já são líderes de inovação a nível Europeu. As listas de candidatos e de vencedores dos European eLearning Awards demonstram-no. <a href="http://call05-06.motime.com/">Em 2007, uma professora portuguesa ganhou este prémio na categoria ‘ouro’.</a> Este ano estão ‘apenas’ 37 projectos portugueses a concurso. <br />Claro que o eLearning de Ouro não é a Bota d’Ouro nem a professora Teresa D’Eça é o Cristiano Ronaldo, por isso não é surpreendente que esta vitória nacional não tenha sido divulgada na imprensa. Mas o Governo só tinha que seguir o que sugere aos alunos: ir à Internet fazer o trabalho de casa. Se o tivesse feito tinha também descoberto <a href="http://europa.eu.int/information_society/eeurope/i2010/docs/studies/final_report_3.pdf">um estudo Europeu</a> que mostra que já em 2006 a percentagem de professores em Portugal a queixarem-se de falta de tecnologia era menos do que a média Europeia (48.1% contra 48.8%, respectivamente). Este mesmo estudo revela que a percentagem de professores portugueses que usava as tecnologias de informação na sala de aula estava bem acima da média europeia (53.5% e 36.5%, respectivamente). <br />É na comparação na forma como as tecnologias de informação são utilizadas na sala de aula que Portugal perde para o resto da Europa. Nas escolas nacionais, os computadores são utilizados como ajudas para o professor: servem para a apresentar slides e mostrar conteúdos online aos alunos. Nos países mais desenvolvidos da Europa, os alunos têm o papel principal na utilização destas tecnologias em sala – usam a internet para fazer projectos, para criar e participar em comunidades online e aprender em equipa. Também é assim nos 37 projectos portugueses candidatos ao European eLearning Award, por isso se o Governo quer de facto ajudar os professores e os alunos a utilizar estas novas tecnologias de forma eficaz tem apenas que ouvir os intervenientes em cada um destes projectos. É mais barato do que reunir um grupo de peritos deslumbrados com a tecnologia e é uma forma muito mais eficaz de perceber o que é que se pode fazer para de facto trazer o ensino em Potugal para o Século XXI.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-3650018819490507912?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-24994308907107524352008-11-07T02:35:00.000-08:002008-11-07T02:40:35.172-08:00A great ethnography of the Lisbon PoliceMy friend <a href="http://www.google.com/base/a/1603339/D8848699232299154666">Susana Durão</a> presented yesterdar her book 'Policia e Proximidade', which is a compelling ethnography of the police in Lisbon. I was one of the speakers in <a href="http://www.almedina.net/catalog/eventos_info.php?eventos_id=256">the book launch</a>. It is a superb piece of work, that unfortunatyely is only available in Portuguese. If you understand the language, you should definetly check it out, especially because it is available as a <a href="https://repositorio.iscte.pt/handle/10071/274">free PDF download</a>.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-2499430890710752435?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-16950642872275865792008-11-07T02:30:00.000-08:002008-11-07T02:33:34.892-08:00Humor as social critiqueHere is a <a href="http://trescourt.com/?page=fr_film&id_rubrique=507">really clever movie</a> about the struggle of Mexican workers in the border with North America. It has a simple but powerful rhetorical strategy: the powerful change roles with the powerless. It brings the other into our own experience and, even if only for a few seconds, we are able to experience a tiny bit of the other's emotions, fears and hopes.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-1695064287227586579?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-24805138787832595032008-07-01T04:39:00.000-07:002008-07-01T04:43:30.002-07:00A number of great tools to teach system dynamicsIn preparing for a class today, I found a number of great tools to teach system dynamics. <br /><br />I found a <a href="http://chalamy.brinkster.net/beergame/">complex</a> and a <a href="http://www.masystem.com/beergame">simple</a> online versions of the Beer Game.<br /><br />There is also a very thorough set of tools to <a href="http://sysdyn.clexchange.org/road-maps/rm-toc.html">teach it to K12</a> and <a href="http://www.public.asu.edu/~kirkwood/sysdyn/SDWork/SDWork.htm">to more advanced audiences</a>.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-2480513878783259503?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-13386443159980181092008-03-19T03:20:00.001-07:002008-03-19T03:20:55.770-07:00Link to chat roomClick <a href="http://www.chatzy.com/282789172810">here</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-1338644315998018109?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-76273389688442929322008-03-02T04:26:00.000-08:002008-03-03T00:44:02.299-08:00IS MBA - Links for Class #1<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.glasbergen.com/images/g154.gif"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px;" src="http://www.glasbergen.com/images/g154.gif" border="0" alt="" /></a><br /><br />1. Wikipedia's fabulous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog">entry on blogs</a><br /><br />2. <a href="http://www.thenewpr.com/wiki/pmwiki.php?pagename=Resources.CEOBlogsList">List of CEO blogs by country</a><br /><br />3. Seth Godin on why <a href="http://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2004/10/beware_the_ceo_.html">CEOs cannot blog</a> <br /><br />4. <a href="http://homepage.mac.com/popemark/iblog/C2041067432/E1132564304/">A list of fired bloggers</a><br /><br />5. <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_18/b3931001_mz001.htm">Business week's articlke on blogging and business</a><br /><br />6. Homepages for <a href="http://twitter.com/">Twitter</a>, <a href="http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/">SETI@home</a>, <a href="http://www.myspace.com/">MySpace </a><br /><br />7.<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/bittorrent/">bittorrent's page on source forge</a><br /><br />8. <a href="http://www.corporateoppression.com/">Tales of corporate opression</a><br /><br />9. <a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Dating.pdf">Pew Research study on online dating</a><br /><br />10. <a href="http://www.nielsen-netratings.com/pr/pr_050802_uk.pdf">Nielsen Online Dating Survey</a><br /><br />11. <a href="http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~atf/dating/">Berkley U. Online dating Research</a><br /><br />12. WSJ article on <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB120214555663941015-lMyQjAxMDI4MDIyOTEyNDk1Wj.html">the rise of the citizen paparazzi</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-7627338968844292932?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-10886215502354392182008-02-28T04:37:00.000-08:002008-03-02T07:25:38.242-08:00Information Systems / Undergrads - Links for class #31. <a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Dating.pdf">Pew Research study on online dating</a><br /><br />2. <a href="http://www.nielsen-netratings.com/pr/pr_050802_uk.pdf">Nielsen Online Dating Survey</a><br /><br />3. <a href="http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~atf/dating/">Berkley U. Online dating Research</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-1088621550235439218?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-7101402766120107522008-02-24T16:19:00.000-08:002008-02-24T16:21:10.147-08:00Information Systems / Undergrad: Links for class #21. <a href="http://www.corporateoppression.com/">Tales of corporate opression</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-710140276612010752?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-68909695210425014712008-02-22T01:19:00.000-08:002008-02-22T01:26:56.618-08:00Information Systems / Undergrad: Links for class #1Today the class is about the technological imperative. Here are some useful links to explanations and examples of the technologies and issues we discussed.<br /><br />1. <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_18/b3931001_mz001.htm">Business week's articlke on blogging and business</a>.<br /><br />2. Homepages for <a href="http://twitter.com/">Twitter</a>, <a href="http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/">SETI@home</a>, <a href="http://www.myspace.com/">MySpace </a>.<br /><br />3.<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/bittorrent/">bittorrent's page on source forge</a>.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-6890969521042501471?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-66743915322208273912008-02-21T03:11:00.000-08:002008-02-21T03:15:12.270-08:00Slides for the 1st undergrad IS class available onlineI don't really like to reveal too much of the class content beforehand, so these may not be as clear as they should. Spent a ton of hours doing web research for this class. You can find everything with Google except when you are looking for something specific... LOL<br /><br />The slides can be found <a href="http://portal.fe.unl.pt/FEUNL/novoportal/aplicacoes/GDISC/20080221_1208_1691203559134572.pdf">here</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-6674391532220827391?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-81519986842911956082008-02-21T03:10:00.001-08:002008-02-21T03:11:40.716-08:00Three masters' students this semesterI have three masters students this semester and they are all doing different topics. Really excited about this as two topics are possible new research arenas: persuasion and improvised MIS.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-8151998684291195608?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-70554265583000816092008-02-11T02:52:00.000-08:002008-02-11T02:56:19.017-08:00Correcção - ERS 2a Época<a href="http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~jvc/Materials/CORR ERS 2AEP FL 07.doc">Aqui está ela</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-7055426558300081609?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-18254160120302570492008-01-17T04:24:00.001-08:002008-01-17T04:24:56.349-08:00Solution for the Fall 07 Ethics Exam (1st round)Find it <a href="http://portal.fe.unl.pt/FEUNL/novoportal/aplicacoes/GDISC/20080117_1411_1691200575589273.pdf">here</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-1825416012030257049?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13518677.post-83306106796384490092007-12-23T03:17:00.000-08:002007-12-23T03:18:50.672-08:00Comments on my articles @ DEToday I came across the online version of my articles @ Diário Económico. Some of the comments are more positive than others, overall I am glad with the reaction, though. Be sure to <a href="http://diarioeconomico.sapo.pt/edicion/diarioeconomico/opinion/columnistas/pt/desarrollo/1052942.html">check them out</a>.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/13518677-8330610679638449009?l=umbromancy.blogspot.com'/></div>Joao Vieira da Cunhahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06770103191799808388zjoao_mx@yahoo.com